Window construction



Feb. 9, 1943. R. H. BLISS A 2,310,506

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Apiil 22, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 L F 14 Z5// La vamx m Feb; 9,

R. HgBLISS WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed April 22, 1940 2 Sheets-Shee 2 Patented Feb. 9, 1943 'ATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

This invention relates to window constructions, and more particularly to a metal window construction including a fixed frame or sash and a swinging frame or sash mounted within the fixed frame for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis, adapted to serve as a ventilator.

It is the general object of the present invention to provide a window construction of the type described above, of a rugged and durable nature, simple in construction and operation, and economical to manufacture. In addition to these advantages, the window construction of the present invention embodies certain other improvements over the constructions heretofore in use.

More specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide a metallic window construction embodying a, fixed sash comprising spaced horizontal and vertical members defining a ventilator opening, weathering flanges extending inwardly along the lower portions of the spaced vertical members, a ventilator frame adapted to fit closely within the ventilator opening and having flanges adapted to rest on and pivot about the upper edges of the flanges on the vertical members defining the opening, and linkages connecting the ventilator frame to each of the spaced vertical members, whereby the ventilator frame is permitted to pivot about the upper edges of the weathering flanges during approximately the first 90 of its pivotal movement, the aforesaid linkages then acting to support and provide bearings for the ventilator frame during the remainder of the pivotal movement of which it is vcapable.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a window construction such as described, in which the aforementioned linkages are wholly concealed between the fixed frame and the ventilator frame when the latter is in closed position, there being no parts projecting inwardly of the ventilator frame.

It is a further object to provide, in a window construction as described above, means whereby the ventilator frame may be rotated through nearly 180, in order that both sides of the glass window lights in the ventilator frame may be cleaned from the same side of the wall in which the window is mounted.

A further object is the provision of a window construction such as described, in which the ventilator frame is so mounted that, as it is rotated to the maximum extent possible, the center of mass of the ventilator frame crosses over the axis of its bearings as the frame nears its maximum rotative position, whereby the ventilator frame will be retained in this position through gravity.

Another object is the provision of a window construction such as described, in which the flanges on the inner side of the fixed frame and ventilator frame, respectively, when the latter is closed, combine to form full-length weathering members for preventing the ingress of moisture, dust and the like.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is an elevation of the outer side of a window construction in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section on line 33 of Figure 1, the ventilator frame being shown in closed and partly opened positions;

Figure 4 is a side elevation showing the ventilator frame rotated to the maximum extent of its permissible movement;

Figure 5 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, illustrating adjacent portions of the fixed frame and ventilator frame, and the linkage connecting the same;

Figure 6 is a: section on line 6-5 of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a section on line 'l'-'l of Figure 5;

Figures 8 and'9 are detail perspectives illustrating the linkage of Figure 5; and

Figure 10 is a fragmentary view showing a ventilator frame mounted in accordance with the present invention, in a window comprising fixed glazed portions surrounding the ventilator openmg.

In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, reference is made to the embodiment thereof shown in the accompanying drawings and detailed descriptive language is employed. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the invention is thereby intended and that various changes and alterations are contemplated such as would ordinarily'occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.

For simplicity, the present invention is illustrated and described in connection with a constructiori in which the ventilator opening comprises the entire space enclosed by the fixed frame of the window, but it will be readily appreciated that exactly the same considerations apply, and the invention may be carried out in the same manner, in the case of a window such as that illustrated in Figure" 10, in' which fixed glazed portions or lights'of the window are located, on one'ormo're sides of the ventilator opening.

Referring now to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the window construction of the present invention comprises generally a fixed window frame consisting of vertical members I0, II, top member I2, and bottom member I3, and a ventilator frame mounted on the fixed frame and designated generally by the numeral I4. As in most metallic window constructions, it is contemplated that the various members of the fixed frame, as well as of the ventilator frame, will be comprised of standard rolled shapes, secured together in any suitable manner, preferably by welding. As best seen in Figure 2, the top member I2 of the fixed frame is comprised of two rails I5 and I6 secured together as by welding. The outwardly extending flange I5 of the member I5 is adapted for suitable connection to the masonry or other framework of the wall in which the window is mounted, while the member I6 provides a seating surface for the outer edge of the adjacent member of the ventilator frame. Similarly, the bottom member i3 of the fixed frame comprises rails 23 and 24 secured together by welding. The flange 23 of the rail 23 is adapted for connection to the framework of the wall, while the flange 24 of the rail 24 provides a seating surface for the inner edge of the adjacent member of the ventilator frame.

The top and bottom members I9 and of the ventilator frame are of angular section and are adapted, in the well-known manner, to effect a double seal with the adjacent members of the fixed frame, thereby preventing the ingress of moisture, air and dust.

The ventilator frame of the illustrated embodiment comprises vertical side members II', I3 top and bottom members I9, 29, an intermediate vertical member or mullion 2|, and an intermediate horizontal member 22. The members 2I and 22 divide the ventilator frame into four equal portions. It is of course contemplated that these four portions or lights will be suitably glazed in the usual manner.

The side members I9 and I I of the fixed frame are provided, throughout their lower portions and extending slightly more than half way of their length, with inwardly extending flanges, of which one, designated as I9, is seen in Figure 3. The flange I9 terminates in an upper edge I9" and the flange of the other side member I I, is similar. The side members I! and I8 of the ventilator frame are similarly provided, throughout their upper portions, with outwardly extending flanges, one of which, I8, is seen in Figure 3. The lower edge of the flange I8 is adapted to rest upon the upper edge III" of the flange I0 and. to serve as a bearing for the ventilator frame during the first 90 rotation of the latter. The outwardly extending flange (not shown) of the side member I! of the ventilator frame is similarly adapted to rest upon the upper edge of the inwardly extending flange carried by the side member II of the fixed frame. It will be seen that when the lator is closed, the flanges I0 and I8 combine to form an inner weathering flange extending throughout the height of the ventilator, and it will be understood that the corresponding flanges at the opposite side coact in a similar manner.

The side members of the ventilator frame are also provided throughout their upper portions with a second but narrower outwardly extending flange of which one, I8", is seen in Figure 3, while the side members I0 and II of the fixed frame are provided with similar flanges throughout their lower portions, the flange 25 of the member It being seen in Figure 3. The flanges 75781141 H, and each linkage venti- I8" and 25 combine, when the ventilator is closed, to form a second weathering flange extending throughout the height of the ventilator, and it will be understood that the corresponding flanges on the opposite side of the ventilator similarly coact. There is thus provided a double seal around all four sides of the ventilator when the latter is closed. This feature, in general, has been incorporated in metallic window constructions heretofore known, and no novelty is claimed forlthe broad feature of providing such double sea Referring now to Figures 4-9, it will be seen that the side members I! and I8 of the ventilator frame are connected to the vertical side members I0 and II of the fixed frame by means of linkages, one of which will now be described. Referring to Figure 4, a link 26 pivoted at one end to the vertical side'member II] of the fixed frame, as at 21, is pivoted at its opposite end, as at 28, to a second link 29. The latter has a pin and slot connection, as at 30, with the adjacent side member I8 of the ventilator frame. The link 29 is restrained against any substantial angular movement relative to the ventilator frame, by the flanges I8, I8" of the latter.- As seen in Figure 5, the link 29 is formed with a reverse bend to enable it to bridge the space between the member I8 and the link 26, which is straight.

The operation of the linkage just described is as follows. Referring to Figure 3, it is seen that as the ventilator frame is rotated through the first of its permissible movement, the flange IB and its corresponding flange 0n the opposite side rest upon the upper edges of the flange I0 and its corresponding flange, thus providing a bearing for the ventilator frame. During this portion of the movement the linkage 26, 29 has no effect, the link 29 simply swinging out with the ventilator frame. The pivot point 28 will move slightly to the right in Figure 3, which causes the link 29 to make a slight movement lengthwise of the side member I8 of the ventilator frame, which movement is accommodated by the pin and slot connection 30. When the ven-. tilator frame has been rotated throughout 90, however, it is obvious that if the linkage 26, 29.- were not provided, the ventilator frame would fall out of the fixed frame. At or slightly before this point is reached, however, the weight of the ventilator frame is shifted from the flange Ill of the fixed frame to the linkage 26, 29, and the pivot 28 thereupon becomes the bearing and pivot point for the further rotation of the ventilator frame. The latter may then be rotated until the normally lower end of the ventilator frame strikes the upper inner edge of the fixed frame, which position is illustrated approximately in Figure 4. As the weight of the ventilator frame is transferred to the linkage 26, 29 the pin and slot connection 39 assumes the relation illustrated in Figure 4. As the ventilator frame approaches the position shown in Figure 4, the center of mass of the frame crosses over the line joining the pivot points 28 on the respective sides of the frame, and the ventilator frame is thus held in fully rotated position through gravity. Except in this extreme position, however, the ventilator frame will tend to close, through gravity, since the center of mass is normally disposed to the left of the pivot point 28 as seen in Figure 4. That is to say, the flanges I0 extend slightly more than half way up the fixed side members I 0 26, 29 is so arranged that the pivot point 28 lies just above the upper edge H!" of the flange It.

Suitable means, not shown, are preferably provided for holding the ventilator frame in a choice of positions, and for fastening it in closed position. Any conventional means may be employed for these purposes, such means forming no part of the prevent invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a metallic window construction, a, metal sash having spaced horizontal and vertical members defining a ventilator opening therein, inwardly extending flanges on the lower portions of the respective vertical members, a ventilator frame adapted to fit closely within said opening and arranged to swing about a horizontal axis intermediate the height of said frame through an angle of more than 90 from the plane of its closed position, flanges on said ventilator frame adapted to rest on and pivot about the upper edges of said flanges on said vertical members, and linkages connecting said ventilator frame to each of said vertical members, each said linkage comprising a link pivoted to said vertical member and a second link pivoted to said first link and having a pin and slot connection with said ventilator frame.

2. In a metallic window construction, a metal sash having spaced horizontal and vertical members defining a ventilator opening therein, inwardly extending flanges on the lower portions of the respective vertical members, a ventilator frame adapted to fit closely within said opening and arranged to swing about a horizontal axis intermediate the height of said frame, flanges on said ventilator frame adapted to rest on and pivot about the upper edges of said flanges on said vertical members, and linkages connecting said ventilator frame to each of said vertical members, each said linkage comprising a link pivoted to said vertical member and a second link pivoted to said first link and having a pin and slot connection with said ventilator frame, the point of connection of said two links being approximately at the level of the upper edge of said flange on the adjacent vertical member.

3. In a metallic window construction, a metal sash having spaced horizontal and vertical members defining a ventilator opening therein, inwardly extending flanges on the lower portions of the respective vertical members, a ventilator frame adapted to fit closely within said opening and arranged to swing about a horizontal axis intermediate the height of said frame through an angle of more than 90 from the plane of its closed position, flanges on said ventilator frame adapted to rest on and pivot about the upper edges of said flanges on said vertical members, and linkages connecting said ventilator frame to each of said vertical members, each said linkage comprising a link pivoted to said vertical member and a second link pivoted to said first link and having a pin and slot connection with said ventilator frame, said second link being restrained against substantial angular movement relative to said ventilator frame.

4. In a metallic window construction, a metal sash having spaced horizontal and vertical members defining a ventilator opening therein, inwardly extending flanges on the lower portions of the respective vertical members, a ventilator frame adapted to fit closely within said opening and arranged to swing about a horizontal axis intermediate the height of said frame through an angle of more than from the plane of its closed position, flanges on said ventilator frame adapted to rest on and pivot about the upper edges of said flanges on said vertical members, and linkages connecting said ventilator frame to each of said vertical members, said linkages serving to support and provide bearings for said ventilator frame when the latter is rotated in excess of 90 from closed position.

5. In a metallic window construction, a metal sash having spaced horizontal and vertical members definin a ventilator opening therein, inwardly extending flanges on the lower portions of the respective vertical members, a ventilator frame adapted to fit closely within said opening and arranged to swing about a horizontal axis intermediate the height of said frame through an angle or more than 90 from the plane of its closed position, flanges on said ventilator frame adapted to rest on and pivot about the upper edges of said flanges on said vertical members, and linkages connecting said ventilator frame to each of said vertical members, said linkages serving to support and provide bearings for said ventilator frame when the latter is rotated in excess of 90 from closed position, said bearings being so disposed relative to the center of mass of said ventilator frame that the latter, when rotated to the maximum extent possible, will remain in said position through gravity.

6. In a metallic window construction, a, metal sash having spaced horizontal and vertical members defining a ventilator opening therein, inwardly extending flanges on the lower portions of the respective vertical members, a ventilator frame adapted to fit closely within said opening and arranged to swing about a horizontal axis intermediate the height of said frame through an angle of more than 90 from the plane of its closed position, flanges on said ventilator frame adapted to rest on and pivot about the upper edges of said flanges on said vertical members, and linkages connecting said ventilator frame to each of said vertical mem bers, said linkages serving to support and and provide bearings for said ventilator frame when the latter is rotated in excess of 90 from closed position, said bearings being so disposed relative to the center of mass of said ventilator frame that said center of mass crosses above the axis of said bearings as said frame nears its maximum rotative position.

ROBERT H. BLISS. 

